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Legal Protection for Governors

Do Governors need legal protection?

'Yes' and 'No' said the lawyer. 'No' because Individual governors have the rock solid protection of the corporate status of the governing body. Provided governors have acted honestly and in good faith individual governors face no personal liability, even if a governing body has exceeded its powers or made serious mistakes.

But Governing Bodies? They do need protection, because there are a whole series of situations where legal action could be taken against a school, and in many cases the Governing Body is the legal authority that has to defend the claim.

What, I can hear you saying, about the insurance policies carried by local authority, or in the case of Foundation Schools, Trusts and Academies, by the school itself? The reality is that local authorities have a variable record in providing quality legal advice. Schools with their own insurance arrangements should be better protected, but policies often have exclusion clauses and excess limits. Insurers will also often prefer to pay out on a small claim, even if the school might wish to challenge a claim.

Governors may find it difficult to imagine facing the need to have an expensive conversation with a lawyer, but the fact is that the need for proper legal support is not uncommon. The reality of the situation at present is that Governing Bodies feel powerless when faced with an intransigent local authority or an employee's legal representative. Far too many governing bodies throw in the towel even when they have a good case, and far too many governors resign from the governing body after conceding in a situation where they felt they were in the right.

At present the NGA cannot afford to support Governing Bodies with legal advice, but we believe that the need is so great that we are actively investigating means by which we might offer some form of support as a benefit of membership.

In the meantime we support Governing Bodies in difficulties as best we can, recommending recourse to legal support if the Governing Body feel that such action is justified. Such legal support can be expensive. In recent cases governors spent over £10,000 in each case defending their actions - without stepping anywhere near a court.

CASES

In one case a parent was making very public complaints against teachers. The school had written evidence to demonstrate that the allegations were false, and the governors wished to issue a press release defending their staff and denying the allegations. The local authority instructed the Headteacher and governing body not to contact the press. Without independent legal advice the Governors had little choice but to concede. Subsequent legal advice indicated that the local authority was acting beyond its powers.

In another case a Governing Body appointed a new Headteacher only too discover that, within months, the new head was behaving in an arrogant and dismissive way towards governors and failing to follow proper procedures in terms of finance and staffing. The governors wished to initiate disciplinary procedures but were consistently advised against this course of action by the local authority. Subsequently governors discovered that their failure to take early disciplinary action against the Head counted against them in an employment tribunal hearing.

A pupil claimed to have been hurt whilst moving through the school. His parents made a claim against the school. The family had been in dispute with the school in the past and teachers believed that the claim was invented. The local authority's insurers recommended a payout because the sum claimed was less than £2000. Governors believe that the payout would damage discipline and generate more claims; a stiff letter from a solicitor could, they believe, have 'seen off' the claim, but the local authority would not offer legal support to the school.

In the following types of case the NGA feels that the Governing Body would need access to independent legal advice.

  • Disputes with the local authority - such as negligent advice from SIPs or advisors, school closure claims, issues around building work and planning consent, special needs advice.
  • Employment law cases - grievance, performance management disputes, capability, wrongful or constructive dismissal.
  • Human rights cases - uniform, religious observance, admissions.
  • Special needs cases - particularly around provision, admissions, and exclusions.
  • Admissions and exclusions - particularly where the school is the admissions authority.

Here are some links to recent press stories. Would you welcome the advice of a lawyer if this was your school and your governing body?

School relocation proposal.

Find it >here<

Governors told to apologise.

Find it >here<

Governors sack the headteacher.

Find it >here<

Governors fight council over relocation plans.

Find it >here<

Phil Revell 7th July 2008

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